貓科動(dòng)物通常被認(rèn)為是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要健康指標(biāo)。中國(guó)現(xiàn)存12種野生「貓」，是世界上野生貓科動(dòng)物種類最豐富的國(guó)家之一。這12種野生「貓」分別是：虎、豹、雲(yún)豹、雪豹、（歐亞）猞猁、金貓、豹貓、兔猻、荒漠貓、亞洲野貓（草原斑貓）、雲(yún)貓和叢林貓。

Felines species are often considered as an important indicator of ecosystem health. China is home to 12 cat species, making it one of the countries in the world with the richest species of wild felines.These 12 species are: tigers, leopards, clouded leopards, snow leopards, lynxes, golden cats, leopard cats, Pallas's cats, desert cats, Asian wildcats, marbled cats, and jungle cats.

最神秘的貓：荒漠貓

The most mysterious felidae

中國(guó)特有的荒漠貓，被稱為最神秘的「貓」之一，直到1992年才正式定名，2007年才拍到第一張野外照片，目前只分布在青海西部和四川北部?；⑹求w型最大的貓科動(dòng)物，其體重可達(dá)300公斤以上。而體型最小的貓科動(dòng)物兔猻，體重只有2-3公斤。

無論體型大小，作為捕食者的貓科動(dòng)物，對(duì)維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡都發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。中國(guó)的12種野生「貓」中，虎、豹、金貓、雲(yún)豹、雪豹、荒漠貓、叢林貓被列為國(guó)家一級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物，其餘為二級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物。

As the only endemic species of cat in China, the desert cat is considered one of China's most mysterious felines.

It was not officially named until 1992, and the first wild photo of it was taken in 2007. It is currently only distributed in western Qinghai Province and northern Sichuan Province.

Tigers are the largest in size, which can weigh more than 300kg, while the smallest are Pallas's cats, weighing about 2-3kg.

Despite the size difference, all cats are good hunters and play a key role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.

Among 12 species of wild cats in China, tigers, leopards, golden cats, clouded leopards, snow leopards, desert cats and jungle cats are under first class state protection, while the other 5 species are under second class protection.

設(shè)立東北虎豹國(guó)家公園

Conservation of wild cats

過去幾十年來，中國(guó)一直致力於保育野生貓科動(dòng)物，包括停止森林砍伐、修復(fù)棲息地環(huán)境、設(shè)立國(guó)家公園、自然保護(hù)區(qū)等。2017年，國(guó)家試點(diǎn)設(shè)立東北虎豹國(guó)家公園。2017年至2021年期間，公園開展反盜獵巡護(hù)逾4.6萬次。到2024年，公園裏的東北虎、東北豹種群數(shù)量，分別由2017年的27隻、42隻增加至70隻、80隻。此外，中國(guó)雪豹種群數(shù)量也恢復(fù)到了1,200多隻，保育卓見成效。

Over the past few decades, China has been committed to the conservation of wild cats, including halting deforestation, restoring habitat environments, and establishing national parks and nature reserves. By 2024, the number of Siberian tigers has increased from 27 in 2017 to about 70, with the number of Northeast leopards increasing from around 42 six years ago to about 70. The snow leopard population in China has rebounded to over 1,200. Remarkable achievements have been made in biodiversity conservation.

●郭立新

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